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Analog Addressable Fire Alarm System

Main Panel Block Diagram The fire alarm system continuously monitors the detectors. Detectors are divided into zones. (Using Software configuration file in the base board). Detectors are connected to the system through loops. (physically) The Loops are connected to the loop boards. Each Board can have 3 loops. Each loop can have 254 detectors. (Depending on the address size) Each Loop has an address and each device has an address given using DIP switches. (These are stored in the Software config file) Devices send digital data packets containing the Addresses and the Data. The digital data packets are sent digitally using analog signals through the twisted pair cables. ( Analog Addressable Signals ) ID address on DIP switches All addressable loop units must be given an address between 1-254 to be operational. The loop units located on the same physical loop must all have unique addresses. The address is set by a 8 pole DIP switch located on each addressable unit
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Boiler Corrosion

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IMO in the polar environment: the Polar Code explained

Polar Code

International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters IMO has adopted the International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (Polar Code) and related amendments to make it mandatory under both the  International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL). The Polar Code entered into force on 1 January 2017. This marks an historic milestone in the Organization’s work to protect ships and people aboard them, both seafarers and passengers, in the harsh environment of the waters surrounding the two poles. The Polar Code and SOLAS amendments were adopted during the 94th session of IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC), in November 2014; the environmental provisions and MARPOL amendments were adopted during the 68th session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) in May 2015.